Serving the High Plains
Serving the High Plains
Cases of vesicular stomatitis virus were found this month in horses in two New Mexico counties, and the state livestock board said ranchers could see additional cases this year.
According to a news release last week from the New Mexico Livestock Board, a lab on April 13 confirmed the presence of the virus in a horse in Dona Ana County. Another horse ranch in Sierra County also confirmed clinical signs of the virus. An investigations of both places cited insects as the likely source of infection.
Vesicular stomatitis is a viral disease that primarily affects horses and cattle and occasionally in swine, sheep, goats, llamas and alpacas. The transmission of VSV is not completely understood, but includes insect vectors such as black flies, sand flies and biting midges.
The incubation period ranges from two to eight days. Clinical signs include blisters, erosions and sloughing of the skin on the muzzle, tongue, teats, ear tips and coronary bands. Excessive salivation often is the first sign of disease, along with a reluctance to eat or drink. Lameness and weight loss may follow.
The virus seldom is fatal, but it can create economic losses by affecting trade and overall animal health.
Humans may become infected when handling affected animals, but it is rare. To avoid exposure, people should use personal protective measures when handling affected animals.
The livestock board issued these tips:
• Strict fly control is an important factor to slow the transmission of the disease.
• Avoid transferring feeding equipment, cleaning tools or healthcare equipment from other herds.
• New Mexico fairs, livestock exhibitions and rodeos may institute new entry requirements based on the extent and severity of the outbreak.
• If you plan to participate in an event, contact the event organizers before traveling to determine whether entry requirements may have changed.
• A certificate of veterinary inspection, or health certificate, issued within two to five days of an event can help reduce risks. Always check with the destination to determine whether they have updated VS requirements.
• If moving livestock internationally, call the U.S. Department of Agriculture to determine whether there are movement restrictions or testing requirements for the virus.
State or federal animal health officials must investigate livestock of suspect VSV cases in horses. Any vesicular disease of livestock and horses is reportable to the State Veterinarian’s Office in Albuquerque. Any cases that have clinical signs suggestive of the virus should immediately call 505-841-6161. Veterinarians may also contact the state or federal field veterinarian in their area.